Permanent catheter implantation via a persistent left superior vena cava.

A 48-year-old male with a history of benign nephrosclerosis and chronic haemodialysis for the last 6 years was admitted to our hospital. He was diagnosed with left radial arteriovenous fistula thrombosis. The right internal jugular vein (RIJV) was thrombosed (history of RIJV catheter) as confirmed by Doppler echography. A Dual-Cath (Medcomp) was inserted in the left jugular vein without complication. The radiograph after placement of the catheters showed that one lane was located in the right atrium and the second in the left side of the heart (Figure 1). Haemodialysis sessions were performed with a blood flow rate of 300 mlumin, and the arterial and venous pressures were 200 and 166 mmHg, respectively. There was no access recirculation. An arteriovenous fistula was created at the left forearm and the catheters were removed 2 months later. Subsequently, venography showed persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) drainage in the right